1.Are feelings, emotions, and facial expessions universal across borders?
Yes, I think so. For example, children who cannot speak language yet smile when they are happy, cry when they are sad, or get angry when they don't like something. It is common all over the world.
While, words and gestures are different between other countries. For example, "nod" means "yes" in Japan or America, but I heard that some countries it means "no".
2.Many feelings in Japanese and the English translation.
嬉しい/ happy
悲しい/ sad
楽しい/ pleasant
寂しい/lonely
腹立たしい/ be irritated
苦しい/ hard
悔しい/ be mortified
羨ましい/ envy
妬ましい/jealous
憎い/ hateful
恥ずかしい/be ashamed
恋しい/ miss
3. Feelings in only Japanese
愛おしい
切ない
憂い/愁い
儚い